/*
 * Copyright 2013 MongoDB, Inc.
 *
 * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
 * You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 * limitations under the License.
 */


#include "mongoc/mongoc-config.h"

#include <string.h>

#include "mongoc/mongoc-cluster-private.h"
#include "mongoc/mongoc-client-private.h"
#include "mongoc/mongoc-counters-private.h"
#include "mongoc/mongoc-config.h"
#include "mongoc/mongoc-error.h"
#include "mongoc/mongoc-host-list-private.h"
#include "mongoc/mongoc-log.h"
#include "mongoc/mongoc-cluster-sasl-private.h"
#ifdef MONGOC_ENABLE_SSL
#include "mongoc/mongoc-ssl.h"
#include "mongoc/mongoc-ssl-private.h"
#include "mongoc/mongoc-stream-tls.h"
#endif
#include "common-b64-private.h"
#include "mongoc/mongoc-scram-private.h"
#include "mongoc/mongoc-set-private.h"
#include "mongoc/mongoc-socket.h"
#include "mongoc/mongoc-stream-private.h"
#include "mongoc/mongoc-stream-socket.h"
#include "mongoc/mongoc-stream-tls.h"
#include "mongoc/mongoc-thread-private.h"
#include "mongoc/mongoc-topology-private.h"
#include "mongoc/mongoc-trace-private.h"
#include "mongoc/mongoc-util-private.h"
#include "mongoc/mongoc-write-concern-private.h"
#include "mongoc/mongoc-uri-private.h"
#include "mongoc/mongoc-rpc-private.h"
#include "mongoc/mongoc-compression-private.h"
#include "mongoc/mongoc-cmd-private.h"
#include "mongoc/utlist.h"
#include "mongoc/mongoc-handshake-private.h"

#undef MONGOC_LOG_DOMAIN
#define MONGOC_LOG_DOMAIN "cluster"


#define CHECK_CLOSED_DURATION_MSEC 1000

#define DB_AND_CMD_FROM_COLLECTION(outstr, name)              \
   do {                                                       \
      const char *dot = strchr (name, '.');                   \
      if (!dot || ((dot - name) > (sizeof outstr - 6))) {     \
         bson_snprintf (outstr, sizeof outstr, "admin.$cmd"); \
      } else {                                                \
         memcpy (outstr, name, dot - name);                   \
         memcpy (outstr + (dot - name), ".$cmd", 6);          \
      }                                                       \
   } while (0)

#define IS_NOT_COMMAND(_name) (!!strcasecmp (cmd->command_name, _name))

/**
 * mongoc_op_msg_flags_t:
 * @MONGOC_MSG_CHECKSUM_PRESENT: The message ends with 4 bytes containing a
 * CRC-32C checksum.
 * @MONGOC_MSG_MORE_TO_COME: If set to 0, wait for a server response. If set to
 * 1, do not expect a server response.
 * @MONGOC_MSG_EXHAUST_ALLOWED: If set, allows multiple replies to this request
 * using the moreToCome bit.
 */
typedef enum {
   MONGOC_MSG_NONE = 0,
   MONGOC_MSG_CHECKSUM_PRESENT = 1 << 0,
   MONGOC_MSG_MORE_TO_COME = 1 << 1,
   MONGOC_EXHAUST_ALLOWED = 1 << 16,
} mongoc_op_msg_flags_t;

static mongoc_server_stream_t *
mongoc_cluster_fetch_stream_single (mongoc_cluster_t *cluster,
                                    uint32_t server_id,
                                    bool reconnect_ok,
                                    bson_error_t *error);

static mongoc_server_stream_t *
mongoc_cluster_fetch_stream_pooled (mongoc_cluster_t *cluster,
                                    uint32_t server_id,
                                    bool reconnect_ok,
                                    bson_error_t *error);

static bool
mongoc_cluster_run_opmsg (mongoc_cluster_t *cluster,
                          mongoc_cmd_t *cmd,
                          bson_t *reply,
                          bson_error_t *error);

static void
_bson_error_message_printf (bson_error_t *error, const char *format, ...)
   BSON_GNUC_PRINTF (2, 3);


size_t
_mongoc_cluster_buffer_iovec (mongoc_iovec_t *iov,
                              size_t iovcnt,
                              int skip,
                              char *buffer)
{
   int n;
   size_t buffer_offset = 0;
   int total_iov_len = 0;
   int difference = 0;

   for (n = 0; n < iovcnt; n++) {
      total_iov_len += iov[n].iov_len;

      if (total_iov_len <= skip) {
         continue;
      }

      /* If this iovec starts before the skip, and takes the total count
       * beyond the skip, we need to figure out the portion of the iovec
       * we should skip passed */
      if (total_iov_len - iov[n].iov_len < skip) {
         difference = skip - (total_iov_len - iov[n].iov_len);
      } else {
         difference = 0;
      }

      memcpy (buffer + buffer_offset,
              ((char *) iov[n].iov_base) + difference,
              iov[n].iov_len - difference);
      buffer_offset += iov[n].iov_len - difference;
   }

   return buffer_offset;
}

/* Allows caller to safely overwrite error->message with a formatted string,
 * even if the formatted string includes original error->message. */
static void
_bson_error_message_printf (bson_error_t *error, const char *format, ...)
{
   va_list args;
   char error_message[sizeof error->message];

   if (error) {
      va_start (args, format);
      bson_vsnprintf (error_message, sizeof error->message, format, args);
      va_end (args);

      bson_strncpy (error->message, error_message, sizeof error->message);
   }
}

#define RUN_CMD_ERR_DECORATE                                       \
   do {                                                            \
      _bson_error_message_printf (                                 \
         error,                                                    \
         "Failed to send \"%s\" command with database \"%s\": %s", \
         cmd->command_name,                                        \
         cmd->db_name,                                             \
         error->message);                                          \
   } while (0)

#define RUN_CMD_ERR(_domain, _code, ...)                   \
   do {                                                    \
      bson_set_error (error, _domain, _code, __VA_ARGS__); \
      RUN_CMD_ERR_DECORATE;                                \
   } while (0)

/*
 *--------------------------------------------------------------------------
 *
 * mongoc_cluster_run_command_opquery --
 *
 *       Internal function to run a command on a given stream. @error and
 *       @reply are optional out-pointers.
 *
 * Returns:
 *       true if successful; otherwise false and @error is set.
 *
 * Side effects:
 *       @reply is set and should ALWAYS be released with bson_destroy().
 *       On failure, @error is filled out. If this was a network error
 *       and server_id is nonzero, the cluster disconnects from the server.
 *
 *--------------------------------------------------------------------------
 */

static bool
mongoc_cluster_run_command_opquery (mongoc_cluster_t *cluster,
                                    mongoc_cmd_t *cmd,
                                    mongoc_stream_t *stream,
                                    int32_t compressor_id,
                                    bson_t *reply,
                                    bson_error_t *error)
{
   const size_t reply_header_size = sizeof (mongoc_rpc_reply_header_t);
   uint8_t reply_header_buf[sizeof (mongoc_rpc_reply_header_t)];
   uint8_t *reply_buf; /* reply body */
   mongoc_rpc_t rpc;   /* sent to server */
   bson_t reply_local;
   bson_t *reply_ptr;
   char cmd_ns[MONGOC_NAMESPACE_MAX];
   uint32_t request_id;
   int32_t msg_len;
   size_t doc_len;
   bool ret = false;
   char *output = NULL;
   uint32_t server_id;

   ENTRY;

   BSON_ASSERT (cluster);
   BSON_ASSERT (cmd);
   BSON_ASSERT (stream);

   /*
    * setup
    */
   reply_ptr = reply ? reply : &reply_local;
   bson_init (reply_ptr);

   error->code = 0;

   /*
    * prepare the request
    */

   _mongoc_array_clear (&cluster->iov);

   bson_snprintf (cmd_ns, sizeof cmd_ns, "%s.$cmd", cmd->db_name);
   request_id = ++cluster->request_id;
   _mongoc_rpc_prep_command (&rpc, cmd_ns, cmd);
   rpc.header.request_id = request_id;
   server_id = cmd->server_stream->sd->id;

   _mongoc_rpc_gather (&rpc, &cluster->iov);
   _mongoc_rpc_swab_to_le (&rpc);

   if (compressor_id != -1 && IS_NOT_COMMAND ("ismaster") &&
       IS_NOT_COMMAND ("saslstart") && IS_NOT_COMMAND ("saslcontinue") &&
       IS_NOT_COMMAND ("getnonce") && IS_NOT_COMMAND ("authenticate") &&
       IS_NOT_COMMAND ("createuser") && IS_NOT_COMMAND ("updateuser") &&
       IS_NOT_COMMAND ("copydbsaslstart") &&
       IS_NOT_COMMAND ("copydbgetnonce") && IS_NOT_COMMAND ("copydb")) {
      output = _mongoc_rpc_compress (cluster, compressor_id, &rpc, error);
      if (output == NULL) {
         GOTO (done);
      }
   }

   if (cluster->client->in_exhaust) {
      bson_set_error (error,
                      MONGOC_ERROR_CLIENT,
                      MONGOC_ERROR_CLIENT_IN_EXHAUST,
                      "A cursor derived from this client is in exhaust.");
      GOTO (done);
   }

   /*
    * send and receive
    */
   if (!_mongoc_stream_writev_full (stream,
                                    cluster->iov.data,
                                    cluster->iov.len,
                                    cluster->sockettimeoutms,
                                    error)) {
      mongoc_cluster_disconnect_node (cluster, server_id, true, error);

      /* add info about the command to writev_full's error message */
      RUN_CMD_ERR_DECORATE;
      GOTO (done);
   }

   if (reply_header_size != mongoc_stream_read (stream,
                                                &reply_header_buf,
                                                reply_header_size,
                                                reply_header_size,
                                                cluster->sockettimeoutms)) {
      RUN_CMD_ERR (MONGOC_ERROR_STREAM,
                   MONGOC_ERROR_STREAM_SOCKET,
                   "socket error or timeout");

      mongoc_cluster_disconnect_node (
         cluster, server_id, !mongoc_stream_timed_out (stream), error);
      GOTO (done);
   }

   memcpy (&msg_len, reply_header_buf, 4);
   msg_len = BSON_UINT32_FROM_LE (msg_len);
   if ((msg_len < reply_header_size) ||
       (msg_len > MONGOC_DEFAULT_MAX_MSG_SIZE)) {
      mongoc_cluster_disconnect_node (cluster, server_id, true, error);
      GOTO (done);
   }

   if (!_mongoc_rpc_scatter_reply_header_only (
          &rpc, reply_header_buf, reply_header_size)) {
      mongoc_cluster_disconnect_node (cluster, server_id, true, error);
      GOTO (done);
   }
   doc_len = (size_t) msg_len - reply_header_size;

   if (BSON_UINT32_FROM_LE (rpc.header.opcode) == MONGOC_OPCODE_COMPRESSED) {
      bson_t tmp = BSON_INITIALIZER;
      uint8_t *buf = NULL;
      size_t len = BSON_UINT32_FROM_LE (rpc.compressed.uncompressed_size) +
                   sizeof (mongoc_rpc_header_t);

      reply_buf = bson_malloc0 (msg_len);
      memcpy (reply_buf, reply_header_buf, reply_header_size);

      if (doc_len != mongoc_stream_read (stream,
                                         reply_buf + reply_header_size,
                                         doc_len,
                                         doc_len,
                                         cluster->sockettimeoutms)) {
         RUN_CMD_ERR (MONGOC_ERROR_STREAM,
                      MONGOC_ERROR_STREAM_SOCKET,
                      "socket error or timeout");
         mongoc_cluster_disconnect_node (cluster, server_id, true, error);
         GOTO (done);
      }
      if (!_mongoc_rpc_scatter (&rpc, reply_buf, msg_len)) {
         GOTO (done);
      }

      buf = bson_malloc0 (len);
      if (!_mongoc_rpc_decompress (&rpc, buf, len)) {
         RUN_CMD_ERR (MONGOC_ERROR_PROTOCOL,
                      MONGOC_ERROR_PROTOCOL_INVALID_REPLY,
                      "Could not decompress server reply");
         bson_free (reply_buf);
         bson_free (buf);
         GOTO (done);
      }

      _mongoc_rpc_swab_from_le (&rpc);

      if (!_mongoc_rpc_get_first_document (&rpc, &tmp)) {
         RUN_CMD_ERR (MONGOC_ERROR_PROTOCOL,
                      MONGOC_ERROR_PROTOCOL_INVALID_REPLY,
                      "Corrupt compressed OP_QUERY reply from server");
         bson_free (reply_buf);
         bson_free (buf);
         GOTO (done);
      }
      bson_copy_to (&tmp, reply_ptr);
      bson_free (reply_buf);
      bson_free (buf);
   } else if (BSON_UINT32_FROM_LE (rpc.header.opcode) == MONGOC_OPCODE_REPLY &&
              BSON_UINT32_FROM_LE (rpc.reply_header.n_returned) == 1) {
      reply_buf = bson_reserve_buffer (reply_ptr, (uint32_t) doc_len);
      BSON_ASSERT (reply_buf);

      if (doc_len != mongoc_stream_read (stream,
                                         (void *) reply_buf,
                                         doc_len,
                                         doc_len,
                                         cluster->sockettimeoutms)) {
         RUN_CMD_ERR (MONGOC_ERROR_STREAM,
                      MONGOC_ERROR_STREAM_SOCKET,
                      "socket error or timeout");
         mongoc_cluster_disconnect_node (cluster, server_id, true, error);
         GOTO (done);
      }
      _mongoc_rpc_swab_from_le (&rpc);
   } else {
      GOTO (done);
   }

   if (!_mongoc_cmd_check_ok (
          reply_ptr, cluster->client->error_api_version, error)) {
      GOTO (done);
   }

   ret = true;

done:

   if (!ret && error->code == 0) {
      /* generic error */
      RUN_CMD_ERR (MONGOC_ERROR_PROTOCOL,
                   MONGOC_ERROR_PROTOCOL_INVALID_REPLY,
                   "Invalid reply from server.");
   }

   if (reply_ptr == &reply_local) {
      bson_destroy (reply_ptr);
   }
   bson_free (output);

   RETURN (ret);
}


typedef enum {
   MONGOC_REPLY_ERR_TYPE_NONE,
   MONGOC_REPLY_ERR_TYPE_NOT_MASTER,
   MONGOC_REPLY_ERR_TYPE_NODE_IS_RECOVERING
} reply_error_type_t;


/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 *
 * _check_not_master_or_recovering_error --
 *
 *       Checks @reply for a "not master" or "node is recovering" error and
 *       sets @error.
 *
 * Return:
 *       A reply_error_type_t indicating if @reply contained a "not master"
 *       or "node is recovering" error.
 *
 *--------------------------------------------------------------------------
 */
static reply_error_type_t
_check_not_master_or_recovering_error (const mongoc_client_t *client,
                                       const bson_t *reply,
                                       bson_error_t *error)
{
   if (_mongoc_cmd_check_ok_no_wce (reply, client->error_api_version, error)) {
      return MONGOC_REPLY_ERR_TYPE_NONE;
   }

   switch (error->code) {
   case 11600: /* InterruptedAtShutdown */
   case 11602: /* InterruptedDueToReplStateChange */
   case 13436: /* NotMasterOrSecondary */
   case 189:   /* PrimarySteppedDown */
   case 91:    /* ShutdownInProgress */
      return MONGOC_REPLY_ERR_TYPE_NODE_IS_RECOVERING;
   case 10107: /* NotMaster */
   case 13435: /* NotMasterNoSlaveOk */
      return MONGOC_REPLY_ERR_TYPE_NOT_MASTER;
   default:
      if (strstr (error->message, "not master")) {
         return MONGOC_REPLY_ERR_TYPE_NOT_MASTER;
      } else if (strstr (error->message, "node is recovering")) {
         return MONGOC_REPLY_ERR_TYPE_NODE_IS_RECOVERING;
      }
      return MONGOC_REPLY_ERR_TYPE_NONE;
   }
}


static void
handle_not_master_error (mongoc_cluster_t *cluster,
                         uint32_t server_id,
                         const bson_t *reply)
{
   mongoc_topology_t *topology = cluster->client->topology;
   bson_error_t error;
   reply_error_type_t error_type =
      _check_not_master_or_recovering_error (cluster->client, reply, &error);

   if (error_type != MONGOC_REPLY_ERR_TYPE_NONE) {
      /* Server Discovery and Monitoring Spec: "When the client sees a 'not
       * master' or 'node is recovering' error it MUST replace the server's
       * description with a default ServerDescription of type Unknown."
       */
      mongoc_topology_invalidate_server (topology, server_id, &error);
      if (topology->single_threaded) {
         /* SDAM Spec: "For single-threaded clients, in the case of a 'not
          * master' error, the client MUST check the server immediately... For a
          * 'node is recovering' error, single-threaded clients MUST NOT check
          * the server, as an immediate server check is unlikely to find a
          * usable server."
          * Instead of an immediate check, mark the topology as stale so the
          * next command scans all servers (to find the new primary). */
         if (error_type == MONGOC_REPLY_ERR_TYPE_NOT_MASTER) {
            cluster->client->topology->stale = true;
         }
      } else {
         /* SDAM Spec: "Multi-threaded and asynchronous clients MUST request an
          * immediate check of the server."
          * Instead of requesting a check of the one server, request a scan
          * to all servers (to find the new primary). */
         _mongoc_topology_request_scan (topology);
      }
   }
}

/*
 *--------------------------------------------------------------------------
 *
 * mongoc_cluster_run_command_monitored --
 *
 *       Internal function to run a command on a given stream.
 *       @error and @reply are optional out-pointers.
 *
 * Returns:
 *       true if successful; otherwise false and @error is set.
 *
 * Side effects:
 *       If the client's APM callbacks are set, they are executed.
 *       @reply is set and should ALWAYS be released with bson_destroy().
 *
 *--------------------------------------------------------------------------
 */

bool
mongoc_cluster_run_command_monitored (mongoc_cluster_t *cluster,
                                      mongoc_cmd_t *cmd,
                                      bson_t *reply,
                                      bson_error_t *error)
{
   bool retval;
   uint32_t request_id = ++cluster->request_id;
   uint32_t server_id;
   mongoc_apm_callbacks_t *callbacks;
   mongoc_apm_command_started_t started_event;
   mongoc_apm_command_succeeded_t succeeded_event;
   mongoc_apm_command_failed_t failed_event;
   int64_t started = bson_get_monotonic_time ();
   const mongoc_server_stream_t *server_stream;
   bson_t reply_local;
   bson_error_t error_local;
   int32_t compressor_id;

   server_stream = cmd->server_stream;
   server_id = server_stream->sd->id;
   compressor_id = mongoc_server_description_compressor_id (server_stream->sd);

   callbacks = &cluster->client->apm_callbacks;
   if (!reply) {
      reply = &reply_local;
   }
   if (!error) {
      error = &error_local;
   }

   if (callbacks->started) {
      mongoc_apm_command_started_init_with_cmd (
         &started_event, cmd, request_id, cluster->client->apm_context);

      callbacks->started (&started_event);
      mongoc_apm_command_started_cleanup (&started_event);
   }

   if (server_stream->sd->max_wire_version >= WIRE_VERSION_OP_MSG) {
      retval = mongoc_cluster_run_opmsg (cluster, cmd, reply, error);
   } else {
      retval = mongoc_cluster_run_command_opquery (
         cluster, cmd, server_stream->stream, compressor_id, reply, error);
   }
   if (retval && callbacks->succeeded) {
      bson_t fake_reply = BSON_INITIALIZER;
      /*
       * Unacknowledged writes must provide a CommandSucceededEvent with an
       * {ok: 1} reply.
       * https://github.com/mongodb/specifications/blob/master/source/command-monitoring/command-monitoring.rst#unacknowledged-acknowledged-writes
       */
      if (!cmd->is_acknowledged) {
         bson_append_int32 (&fake_reply, "ok", 2, 1);
      }
      mongoc_apm_command_succeeded_init (&succeeded_event,
                                         bson_get_monotonic_time () - started,
                                         cmd->is_acknowledged ? reply
                                                              : &fake_reply,
                                         cmd->command_name,
                                         request_id,
                                         cmd->operation_id,
                                         &server_stream->sd->host,
                                         server_id,
                                         cluster->client->apm_context);

      callbacks->succeeded (&succeeded_event);
      mongoc_apm_command_succeeded_cleanup (&succeeded_event);
      bson_destroy (&fake_reply);
   }
   if (!retval && callbacks->failed) {
      mongoc_apm_command_failed_init (&failed_event,
                                      bson_get_monotonic_time () - started,
                                      cmd->command_name,
                                      error,
                                      reply,
                                      request_id,
                                      cmd->operation_id,
                                      &server_stream->sd->host,
                                      server_id,
                                      cluster->client->apm_context);

      callbacks->failed (&failed_event);
      mongoc_apm_command_failed_cleanup (&failed_event);
   }

   handle_not_master_error (cluster, server_id, reply);

   if (reply == &reply_local) {
      bson_destroy (&reply_local);
   }

   _mongoc_topology_update_last_used (cluster->client->topology, server_id);

   return retval;
}


/*
 *--------------------------------------------------------------------------
 *
 * mongoc_cluster_run_command_private --
 *
 *       Internal function to run a command on a given stream.
 *       @error and @reply are optional out-pointers.
 *       The client's APM callbacks are not executed.
 *
 * Returns:
 *       true if successful; otherwise false and @error is set.
 *
 * Side effects:
 *       @reply is set and should ALWAYS be released with bson_destroy().
 *
 *--------------------------------------------------------------------------
 */

bool
mongoc_cluster_run_command_private (mongoc_cluster_t *cluster,
                                    mongoc_cmd_t *cmd,
                                    bson_t *reply,
                                    bson_error_t *error)
{
   bool retval;
   const mongoc_server_stream_t *server_stream;
   bson_t reply_local;
   bson_error_t error_local;

   if (!error) {
      error = &error_local;
   }

   if (!reply) {
      reply = &reply_local;
   }
   server_stream = cmd->server_stream;
   if (server_stream->sd->max_wire_version >= WIRE_VERSION_OP_MSG) {
      retval = mongoc_cluster_run_opmsg (cluster, cmd, reply, error);
   } else {
      retval = mongoc_cluster_run_command_opquery (
         cluster, cmd, cmd->server_stream->stream, -1, reply, error);
   }
   handle_not_master_error (cluster, server_stream->sd->id, reply);
   if (reply == &reply_local) {
      bson_destroy (&reply_local);
   }

   _mongoc_topology_update_last_used (cluster->client->topology,
                                      server_stream->sd->id);

   return retval;
}

/*
 *--------------------------------------------------------------------------
 *
 * mongoc_cluster_run_command_parts --
 *
 *       Internal function to assemble command parts and run a command
 *       on a given stream. @error and @reply are optional out-pointers.
 *       The client's APM callbacks are not executed.
 *
 * Returns:
 *       true if successful; otherwise false and @error is set.
 *
 * Side effects:
 *       @reply is set and should ALWAYS be released with bson_destroy().
 *       mongoc_cmd_parts_cleanup will be always be called on parts. The
 *       caller should *not* call cleanup on the parts.
 *
 *--------------------------------------------------------------------------
 */

bool
mongoc_cluster_run_command_parts (mongoc_cluster_t *cluster,
                                  mongoc_server_stream_t *server_stream,
                                  mongoc_cmd_parts_t *parts,
                                  bson_t *reply,
                                  bson_error_t *error)
{
   bool ret;

   if (!mongoc_cmd_parts_assemble (parts, server_stream, error)) {
      _mongoc_bson_init_if_set (reply);
      mongoc_cmd_parts_cleanup (parts);
      return false;
   }

   ret = mongoc_cluster_run_command_private (
      cluster, &parts->assembled, reply, error);
   mongoc_cmd_parts_cleanup (parts);
   return ret;
}

/*
 *--------------------------------------------------------------------------
 *
 * _mongoc_stream_run_ismaster --
 *
 *       Run an ismaster command on the given stream. If
 *       @negotiate_sasl_supported_mechs is true, then saslSupportedMechs is
 *       added to the ismaster command.
 *
 * Returns:
 *       A mongoc_server_description_t you must destroy or NULL. If the call
 *       failed its error is set and its type is MONGOC_SERVER_UNKNOWN.
 *
 *--------------------------------------------------------------------------
 */
static mongoc_server_description_t *
_mongoc_stream_run_ismaster (mongoc_cluster_t *cluster,
                             mongoc_stream_t *stream,
                             const char *address,
                             uint32_t server_id,
                             bool negotiate_sasl_supported_mechs,
                             bson_error_t *error)
{
   const bson_t *command;
   mongoc_cmd_parts_t parts;
   bson_t reply;
   int64_t start;
   int64_t rtt_msec;
   mongoc_server_description_t *sd;
   mongoc_server_stream_t *server_stream;
   bson_t *copied_command = NULL;
   bool r;
   bson_iter_t iter;

   ENTRY;

   BSON_ASSERT (cluster);
   BSON_ASSERT (stream);

   command = _mongoc_topology_get_ismaster (cluster->client->topology);

   if (negotiate_sasl_supported_mechs) {
      copied_command = bson_copy (command);
      _mongoc_handshake_append_sasl_supported_mechs (cluster->uri,
                                                     copied_command);
      command = copied_command;
   }

   start = bson_get_monotonic_time ();
   server_stream = _mongoc_cluster_create_server_stream (
      cluster->client->topology, server_id, stream, error);
   if (!server_stream) {
      bson_destroy (copied_command);
      RETURN (NULL);
   }

   mongoc_cmd_parts_init (
      &parts, cluster->client, "admin", MONGOC_QUERY_SLAVE_OK, command);
   parts.prohibit_lsid = true;
   if (!mongoc_cluster_run_command_parts (
          cluster, server_stream, &parts, &reply, error)) {
      if (negotiate_sasl_supported_mechs) {
         if (bson_iter_init_find (&iter, &reply, "ok") &&
             !bson_iter_as_bool (&iter)) {
            /* ismaster response returned ok: 0. According to auth spec: "If the
             * isMaster of the MongoDB Handshake fails with an error, drivers
             * MUST treat this an authentication error." */
            error->domain = MONGOC_ERROR_CLIENT;
            error->code = MONGOC_ERROR_CLIENT_AUTHENTICATE;
         }
      }

      bson_destroy (copied_command);
      bson_destroy (&reply);
      mongoc_server_stream_cleanup (server_stream);
      RETURN (NULL);
   }

   rtt_msec = (bson_get_monotonic_time () - start) / 1000;

   sd = (mongoc_server_description_t *) bson_malloc0 (
      sizeof (mongoc_server_description_t));

   mongoc_server_description_init (sd, address, server_id);
   /* send the error from run_command IN to handle_ismaster */
   mongoc_server_description_handle_ismaster (sd, &reply, rtt_msec, error);

   bson_destroy (&reply);

   r = _mongoc_topology_update_from_handshake (cluster->client->topology, sd);
   if (!r) {
      mongoc_server_description_reset (sd);
      bson_set_error (&sd->error,
                      MONGOC_ERROR_STREAM,
                      MONGOC_ERROR_STREAM_NOT_ESTABLISHED,
                      "\"%s\" removed from topology",
                      address);
   }

   mongoc_server_stream_cleanup (server_stream);

   if (copied_command) {
      bson_destroy (copied_command);
   }

   RETURN (sd);
}

/*
 *--------------------------------------------------------------------------
 *
 * _mongoc_cluster_run_ismaster --
 *
 *       Run an initial ismaster command for the given node and handle result.
 *
 * Returns:
 *       mongoc_server_description_t on success, NULL otherwise.
 *       the mongoc_server_description_t MUST BE DESTROYED BY THE CALLER.
 *
 * Side effects:
 *       Makes a blocking I/O call, updates cluster->topology->description
 *       with ismaster result.
 *
 *--------------------------------------------------------------------------
 */
static mongoc_server_description_t *
_mongoc_cluster_run_ismaster (mongoc_cluster_t *cluster,
                              mongoc_cluster_node_t *node,
                              uint32_t server_id,
                              bson_error_t *error /* OUT */)
{
   mongoc_server_description_t *sd;

   ENTRY;

   BSON_ASSERT (cluster);
   BSON_ASSERT (node);
   BSON_ASSERT (node->stream);

   sd = _mongoc_stream_run_ismaster (
      cluster,
      node->stream,
      node->connection_address,
      server_id,
      _mongoc_uri_requires_auth_negotiation (cluster->uri),
      error);

   if (!sd) {
      return NULL;
   }

   if (sd->type == MONGOC_SERVER_UNKNOWN) {
      memcpy (error, &sd->error, sizeof (bson_error_t));
      mongoc_server_description_destroy (sd);
      return NULL;
   } else {
      node->max_write_batch_size = sd->max_write_batch_size;
      node->min_wire_version = sd->min_wire_version;
      node->max_wire_version = sd->max_wire_version;
      node->max_bson_obj_size = sd->max_bson_obj_size;
      node->max_msg_size = sd->max_msg_size;
   }

   return sd;
}


/*
 *--------------------------------------------------------------------------
 *
 * _mongoc_cluster_build_basic_auth_digest --
 *
 *       Computes the Basic Authentication digest using the credentials
 *       configured for @cluster and the @nonce provided.
 *
 *       The result should be freed by the caller using bson_free() when
 *       they are finished with it.
 *
 * Returns:
 *       A newly allocated string containing the digest.
 *
 * Side effects:
 *       None.
 *
 *--------------------------------------------------------------------------
 */

static char *
_mongoc_cluster_build_basic_auth_digest (mongoc_cluster_t *cluster,
                                         const char *nonce)
{
   const char *username;
   const char *password;
   char *password_digest;
   char *password_md5;
   char *digest_in;
   char *ret;

   ENTRY;

   /*
    * The following generates the digest to be used for basic authentication
    * with a MongoDB server. More information on the format can be found
    * at the following location:
    *
    * http://docs.mongodb.org/meta-driver/latest/legacy/
    *   implement-authentication-in-driver/
    */

   BSON_ASSERT (cluster);
   BSON_ASSERT (cluster->uri);

   username = mongoc_uri_get_username (cluster->uri);
   password = mongoc_uri_get_password (cluster->uri);
   password_digest = bson_strdup_printf ("%s:mongo:%s", username, password);
   password_md5 = _mongoc_hex_md5 (password_digest);
   digest_in = bson_strdup_printf ("%s%s%s", nonce, username, password_md5);
   ret = _mongoc_hex_md5 (digest_in);
   bson_free (digest_in);
   bson_free (password_md5);
   bson_free (password_digest);

   RETURN (ret);
}


/*
 *--------------------------------------------------------------------------
 *
 * _mongoc_cluster_auth_node_cr --
 *
 *       Performs authentication of @node using the credentials provided
 *       when configuring the @cluster instance.
 *
 *       This is the Challenge-Response mode of authentication.
 *
 * Returns:
 *       true if authentication was successful; otherwise false and
 *       @error is set.
 *
 * Side effects:
 *       None.
 *
 *--------------------------------------------------------------------------
 */

static bool
_mongoc_cluster_auth_node_cr (mongoc_cluster_t *cluster,
                              mongoc_stream_t *stream,
                              mongoc_server_description_t *sd,
                              bson_error_t *error)
{
   mongoc_cmd_parts_t parts;
   bson_iter_t iter;
   const char *auth_source;
   bson_t command;
   bson_t reply;
   char *digest;
   char *nonce;
   bool ret;
   mongoc_server_stream_t *server_stream;

   ENTRY;

   BSON_ASSERT (cluster);
   BSON_ASSERT (stream);

   if (!(auth_source = mongoc_uri_get_auth_source (cluster->uri)) ||
       (*auth_source == '\0')) {
      auth_source = "admin";
   }

   /*
    * To authenticate a node using basic authentication, we need to first
    * get the nonce from the server. We use that to hash our password which
    * is sent as a reply to the server. If everything went good we get a
    * success notification back from the server.
    */

   /*
    * Execute the getnonce command to fetch the nonce used for generating
    * md5 digest of our password information.
    */
   bson_init (&command);
   bson_append_int32 (&command, "getnonce", 8, 1);
   mongoc_cmd_parts_init (
      &parts, cluster->client, auth_source, MONGOC_QUERY_SLAVE_OK, &command);
   parts.prohibit_lsid = true;
   server_stream = _mongoc_cluster_create_server_stream (
      cluster->client->topology, sd->id, stream, error);

   if (!mongoc_cluster_run_command_parts (
          cluster, server_stream, &parts, &reply, error)) {
      mongoc_server_stream_cleanup (server_stream);
      bson_destroy (&command);
      bson_destroy (&reply);
      RETURN (false);
   }
   bson_destroy (&command);
   if (!bson_iter_init_find_case (&iter, &reply, "nonce")) {
      bson_set_error (error,
                      MONGOC_ERROR_CLIENT,
                      MONGOC_ERROR_CLIENT_GETNONCE,
                      "Invalid reply from getnonce");
      bson_destroy (&reply);
      RETURN (false);
   }

   /*
    * Build our command to perform the authentication.
    */
   nonce = bson_iter_dup_utf8 (&iter, NULL);
   digest = _mongoc_cluster_build_basic_auth_digest (cluster, nonce);
   bson_init (&command);
   bson_append_int32 (&command, "authenticate", 12, 1);
   bson_append_utf8 (
      &command, "user", 4, mongoc_uri_get_username (cluster->uri), -1);
   bson_append_utf8 (&command, "nonce", 5, nonce, -1);
   bson_append_utf8 (&command, "key", 3, digest, -1);
   bson_destroy (&reply);
   bson_free (nonce);
   bson_free (digest);

   /*
    * Execute the authenticate command. mongoc_cluster_run_command_private
    * checks for {ok: 1} in the response.
    */
   mongoc_cmd_parts_init (
      &parts, cluster->client, auth_source, MONGOC_QUERY_SLAVE_OK, &command);
   parts.prohibit_lsid = true;
   ret = mongoc_cluster_run_command_parts (
      cluster, server_stream, &parts, &reply, error);

   if (!ret) {
      /* error->message is already set */
      error->domain = MONGOC_ERROR_CLIENT;
      error->code = MONGOC_ERROR_CLIENT_AUTHENTICATE;
   }

   mongoc_server_stream_cleanup (server_stream);
   bson_destroy (&command);
   bson_destroy (&reply);

   RETURN (ret);
}


/*
 *--------------------------------------------------------------------------
 *
 * _mongoc_cluster_auth_node_plain --
 *
 *       Perform SASL PLAIN authentication for @node. We do this manually
 *       instead of using the SASL module because its rather simplistic.
 *
 * Returns:
 *       true if successful; otherwise false and error is set.
 *
 * Side effects:
 *       error may be set.
 *
 *--------------------------------------------------------------------------
 */

static bool
_mongoc_cluster_auth_node_plain (mongoc_cluster_t *cluster,
                                 mongoc_stream_t *stream,
                                 mongoc_server_description_t *sd,
                                 bson_error_t *error)
{
   mongoc_cmd_parts_t parts;
   char buf[4096];
   int buflen = 0;
   const char *username;
   const char *password;
   bson_t b = BSON_INITIALIZER;
   bson_t reply;
   size_t len;
   char *str;
   bool ret;
   mongoc_server_stream_t *server_stream;

   BSON_ASSERT (cluster);
   BSON_ASSERT (stream);

   username = mongoc_uri_get_username (cluster->uri);
   if (!username) {
      username = "";
   }

   password = mongoc_uri_get_password (cluster->uri);
   if (!password) {
      password = "";
   }

   str = bson_strdup_printf ("%c%s%c%s", '\0', username, '\0', password);
   len = strlen (username) + strlen (password) + 2;
   buflen = bson_b64_ntop ((const uint8_t *) str, len, buf, sizeof buf);
   bson_free (str);

   if (buflen == -1) {
      bson_set_error (error,
                      MONGOC_ERROR_CLIENT,
                      MONGOC_ERROR_CLIENT_AUTHENTICATE,
                      "failed base64 encoding message");
      return false;
   }

   BSON_APPEND_INT32 (&b, "saslStart", 1);
   BSON_APPEND_UTF8 (&b, "mechanism", "PLAIN");
   bson_append_utf8 (&b, "payload", 7, (const char *) buf, buflen);
   BSON_APPEND_INT32 (&b, "autoAuthorize", 1);

   mongoc_cmd_parts_init (
      &parts, cluster->client, "$external", MONGOC_QUERY_SLAVE_OK, &b);
   parts.prohibit_lsid = true;
   server_stream = _mongoc_cluster_create_server_stream (
      cluster->client->topology, sd->id, stream, error);
   ret = mongoc_cluster_run_command_parts (
      cluster, server_stream, &parts, &reply, error);
   mongoc_server_stream_cleanup (server_stream);
   if (!ret) {
      /* error->message is already set */
      error->domain = MONGOC_ERROR_CLIENT;
      error->code = MONGOC_ERROR_CLIENT_AUTHENTICATE;
   }

   bson_destroy (&b);
   bson_destroy (&reply);

   return ret;
}


static bool
_mongoc_cluster_auth_node_x509 (mongoc_cluster_t *cluster,
                                mongoc_stream_t *stream,
                                mongoc_server_description_t *sd,
                                bson_error_t *error)
{
#ifndef MONGOC_ENABLE_SSL
   bson_set_error (error,
                   MONGOC_ERROR_CLIENT,
                   MONGOC_ERROR_CLIENT_AUTHENTICATE,
                   "The MONGODB-X509 authentication mechanism requires "
                   "libmongoc built with ENABLE_SSL");
   return false;
#else
   mongoc_cmd_parts_t parts;
   const char *username_from_uri = NULL;
   char *username_from_subject = NULL;
   bson_t cmd;
   bson_t reply;
   bool ret;
   mongoc_server_stream_t *server_stream;

   BSON_ASSERT (cluster);
   BSON_ASSERT (stream);

   username_from_uri = mongoc_uri_get_username (cluster->uri);
   if (username_from_uri) {
      TRACE ("%s", "X509: got username from URI");
   } else {
      if (!cluster->client->ssl_opts.pem_file) {
         bson_set_error (error,
                         MONGOC_ERROR_CLIENT,
                         MONGOC_ERROR_CLIENT_AUTHENTICATE,
                         "cannot determine username for "
                         "X-509 authentication.");
         return false;
      }

      username_from_subject = mongoc_ssl_extract_subject (
         cluster->client->ssl_opts.pem_file, cluster->client->ssl_opts.pem_pwd);
      if (!username_from_subject) {
         bson_set_error (error,
                         MONGOC_ERROR_CLIENT,
                         MONGOC_ERROR_CLIENT_AUTHENTICATE,
                         "No username provided for X509 authentication.");
         return false;
      }

      TRACE ("%s", "X509: got username from certificate");
   }

   bson_init (&cmd);
   BSON_APPEND_INT32 (&cmd, "authenticate", 1);
   BSON_APPEND_UTF8 (&cmd, "mechanism", "MONGODB-X509");
   BSON_APPEND_UTF8 (&cmd,
                     "user",
                     username_from_uri ? username_from_uri
                                       : username_from_subject);

   mongoc_cmd_parts_init (
      &parts, cluster->client, "$external", MONGOC_QUERY_SLAVE_OK, &cmd);
   parts.prohibit_lsid = true;
   server_stream = _mongoc_cluster_create_server_stream (
      cluster->client->topology, sd->id, stream, error);
   ret = mongoc_cluster_run_command_parts (
      cluster, server_stream, &parts, &reply, error);
   mongoc_server_stream_cleanup (server_stream);
   if (!ret) {
      /* error->message is already set */
      error->domain = MONGOC_ERROR_CLIENT;
      error->code = MONGOC_ERROR_CLIENT_AUTHENTICATE;
   }

   if (username_from_subject) {
      bson_free (username_from_subject);
   }

   bson_destroy (&cmd);
   bson_destroy (&reply);

   return ret;
#endif
}


#ifdef MONGOC_ENABLE_CRYPTO
static bool
_mongoc_cluster_auth_node_scram (mongoc_cluster_t *cluster,
                                 mongoc_stream_t *stream,
                                 mongoc_server_description_t *sd,
                                 mongoc_crypto_hash_algorithm_t algo,
                                 bson_error_t *error)
{
   mongoc_cmd_parts_t parts;
   uint32_t buflen = 0;
   mongoc_scram_t scram;
   bson_iter_t iter;
   bool ret = false;
   const char *tmpstr;
   const char *auth_source;
   uint8_t buf[4096] = {0};
   bson_t cmd;
   bson_t reply;
   int conv_id = 0;
   bson_subtype_t btype;
   mongoc_server_stream_t *server_stream;

   BSON_ASSERT (cluster);
   BSON_ASSERT (stream);

   if (!(auth_source = mongoc_uri_get_auth_source (cluster->uri)) ||
       (*auth_source == '\0')) {
      auth_source = "admin";
   }

   _mongoc_scram_init (&scram, algo);

   _mongoc_scram_set_pass (&scram, mongoc_uri_get_password (cluster->uri));
   _mongoc_scram_set_user (&scram, mongoc_uri_get_username (cluster->uri));

   /* Apply previously cached SCRAM secrets if available */
   if (cluster->scram_cache) {
      _mongoc_scram_set_cache (&scram, cluster->scram_cache);
   }

   for (;;) {
      if (!_mongoc_scram_step (
             &scram, buf, buflen, buf, sizeof buf, &buflen, error)) {
         goto failure;
      }

      bson_init (&cmd);

      if (scram.step == 1) {
         BSON_APPEND_INT32 (&cmd, "saslStart", 1);
         if (algo == MONGOC_CRYPTO_ALGORITHM_SHA_1) {
            BSON_APPEND_UTF8 (&cmd, "mechanism", "SCRAM-SHA-1");
         } else if (algo == MONGOC_CRYPTO_ALGORITHM_SHA_256) {
            BSON_APPEND_UTF8 (&cmd, "mechanism", "SCRAM-SHA-256");
         } else {
            BSON_ASSERT (false);
         }
         bson_append_binary (
            &cmd, "payload", 7, BSON_SUBTYPE_BINARY, buf, buflen);
         BSON_APPEND_INT32 (&cmd, "autoAuthorize", 1);
      } else {
         BSON_APPEND_INT32 (&cmd, "saslContinue", 1);
         BSON_APPEND_INT32 (&cmd, "conversationId", conv_id);
         bson_append_binary (
            &cmd, "payload", 7, BSON_SUBTYPE_BINARY, buf, buflen);
      }

      TRACE ("SCRAM: authenticating (step %d)", scram.step);

      mongoc_cmd_parts_init (
         &parts, cluster->client, auth_source, MONGOC_QUERY_SLAVE_OK, &cmd);
      parts.prohibit_lsid = true;
      server_stream = _mongoc_cluster_create_server_stream (
         cluster->client->topology, sd->id, stream, error);
      if (!mongoc_cluster_run_command_parts (
             cluster, server_stream, &parts, &reply, error)) {
         mongoc_server_stream_cleanup (server_stream);
         bson_destroy (&cmd);
         bson_destroy (&reply);

         /* error->message is already set */
         error->domain = MONGOC_ERROR_CLIENT;
         error->code = MONGOC_ERROR_CLIENT_AUTHENTICATE;
         goto failure;
      }
      mongoc_server_stream_cleanup (server_stream);

      bson_destroy (&cmd);

      if (bson_iter_init_find (&iter, &reply, "done") &&
          bson_iter_as_bool (&iter)) {
         bson_destroy (&reply);
         break;
      }

      if (!bson_iter_init_find (&iter, &reply, "conversationId") ||
          !BSON_ITER_HOLDS_INT32 (&iter) ||
          !(conv_id = bson_iter_int32 (&iter)) ||
          !bson_iter_init_find (&iter, &reply, "payload") ||
          !BSON_ITER_HOLDS_BINARY (&iter)) {
         const char *errmsg =
            "Received invalid SCRAM reply from MongoDB server.";

         MONGOC_DEBUG ("SCRAM: authentication failed");

         if (bson_iter_init_find (&iter, &reply, "errmsg") &&
             BSON_ITER_HOLDS_UTF8 (&iter)) {
            errmsg = bson_iter_utf8 (&iter, NULL);
         }

         bson_set_error (error,
                         MONGOC_ERROR_CLIENT,
                         MONGOC_ERROR_CLIENT_AUTHENTICATE,
                         "%s",
                         errmsg);
         bson_destroy (&reply);
         goto failure;
      }

      bson_iter_binary (&iter, &btype, &buflen, (const uint8_t **) &tmpstr);

      if (buflen > sizeof buf) {
         bson_set_error (error,
                         MONGOC_ERROR_CLIENT,
                         MONGOC_ERROR_CLIENT_AUTHENTICATE,
                         "SCRAM reply from MongoDB is too large.");
         bson_destroy (&reply);
         goto failure;
      }

      memcpy (buf, tmpstr, buflen);

      bson_destroy (&reply);
   }

   TRACE ("%s", "SCRAM: authenticated");

   ret = true;

   /* Save cached SCRAM secrets for future use */
   if (cluster->scram_cache) {
      _mongoc_scram_cache_destroy (cluster->scram_cache);
   }

   cluster->scram_cache = _mongoc_scram_get_cache (&scram);

failure:
   _mongoc_scram_destroy (&scram);

   return ret;
}
#endif

static bool
_mongoc_cluster_auth_node_scram_sha_1 (mongoc_cluster_t *cluster,
                                       mongoc_stream_t *stream,
                                       mongoc_server_description_t *sd,
                                       bson_error_t *error)
{
#ifndef MONGOC_ENABLE_CRYPTO
   bson_set_error (error,
                   MONGOC_ERROR_CLIENT,
                   MONGOC_ERROR_CLIENT_AUTHENTICATE,
                   "The SCRAM_SHA_1 authentication mechanism requires "
                   "libmongoc built with ENABLE_SSL");
   return false;
#else
   return _mongoc_cluster_auth_node_scram (
      cluster, stream, sd, MONGOC_CRYPTO_ALGORITHM_SHA_1, error);
#endif
}

static bool
_mongoc_cluster_auth_node_scram_sha_256 (mongoc_cluster_t *cluster,
                                         mongoc_stream_t *stream,
                                         mongoc_server_description_t *sd,
                                         bson_error_t *error)
{
#ifndef MONGOC_ENABLE_CRYPTO
   bson_set_error (error,
                   MONGOC_ERROR_CLIENT,
                   MONGOC_ERROR_CLIENT_AUTHENTICATE,
                   "The SCRAM_SHA_256 authentication mechanism requires "
                   "libmongoc built with ENABLE_SSL");
   return false;
#else
   return _mongoc_cluster_auth_node_scram (
      cluster, stream, sd, MONGOC_CRYPTO_ALGORITHM_SHA_256, error);
#endif
}

/*
 *--------------------------------------------------------------------------
 *
 * _mongoc_cluster_auth_node --
 *
 *       Authenticate a cluster node depending on the required mechanism.
 *
 * Returns:
 *       true if authenticated. false on failure and @error is set.
 *
 * Side effects:
 *       @error is set on failure.
 *
 *--------------------------------------------------------------------------
 */

static bool
_mongoc_cluster_auth_node (
   mongoc_cluster_t *cluster,
   mongoc_stream_t *stream,
   mongoc_server_description_t *sd,
   const mongoc_handshake_sasl_supported_mechs_t *sasl_supported_mechs,
   bson_error_t *error)
{
   bool ret = false;
   const char *mechanism;
   ENTRY;

   BSON_ASSERT (cluster);
   BSON_ASSERT (stream);

   mechanism = mongoc_uri_get_auth_mechanism (cluster->uri);

   if (!mechanism) {
      if (sasl_supported_mechs->scram_sha_256) {
         /* Auth spec: "If SCRAM-SHA-256 is present in the list of mechanisms,
          * then it MUST be used as the default; otherwise, SCRAM-SHA-1 MUST be
          * used as the default, regardless of whether SCRAM-SHA-1 is in the
          * list. Drivers MUST NOT attempt to use any other mechanism (e.g.
          * PLAIN) as the default." [...] "If saslSupportedMechs is not present
          * in the isMaster results for mechanism negotiation, then SCRAM-SHA-1
          * MUST be used when talking to servers >= 3.0." */
         mechanism = "SCRAM-SHA-256";
      } else {
         mechanism = "SCRAM-SHA-1";
      }
   }

   if (0 == strcasecmp (mechanism, "MONGODB-CR")) {
      ret = _mongoc_cluster_auth_node_cr (cluster, stream, sd, error);
   } else if (0 == strcasecmp (mechanism, "MONGODB-X509")) {
      ret = _mongoc_cluster_auth_node_x509 (cluster, stream, sd, error);
   } else if (0 == strcasecmp (mechanism, "SCRAM-SHA-1")) {
      ret = _mongoc_cluster_auth_node_scram_sha_1 (cluster, stream, sd, error);
   } else if (0 == strcasecmp (mechanism, "SCRAM-SHA-256")) {
      ret =
         _mongoc_cluster_auth_node_scram_sha_256 (cluster, stream, sd, error);
   } else if (0 == strcasecmp (mechanism, "GSSAPI")) {
      ret = _mongoc_cluster_auth_node_sasl (cluster, stream, sd, error);
   } else if (0 == strcasecmp (mechanism, "PLAIN")) {
      ret = _mongoc_cluster_auth_node_plain (cluster, stream, sd, error);
   } else {
      bson_set_error (error,
                      MONGOC_ERROR_CLIENT,
                      MONGOC_ERROR_CLIENT_AUTHENTICATE,
                      "Unknown authentication mechanism \"%s\".",
                      mechanism);
   }

   if (!ret) {
      mongoc_counter_auth_failure_inc ();
      MONGOC_DEBUG ("Authentication failed: %s", error->message);
   } else {
      mongoc_counter_auth_success_inc ();
      TRACE ("%s", "Authentication succeeded");
   }

   RETURN (ret);
}


/*
 *--------------------------------------------------------------------------
 *
 * mongoc_cluster_disconnect_node --
 *
 *       Remove a node from the set of nodes. This should be done if
 *       a stream in the set is found to be invalid. If @invalidate is
 *       true, also mark the server Unknown in the topology description,
 *       passing the error information from @why as the reason.
 *
 *       WARNING: pointers to a disconnected mongoc_cluster_node_t or
 *       its stream are now invalid, be careful of dangling pointers.
 *
 * Returns:
 *       None.
 *
 * Side effects:
 *       Removes node from cluster's set of nodes, and frees the
 *       mongoc_cluster_node_t if pooled.
 *
 *--------------------------------------------------------------------------
 */

void
mongoc_cluster_disconnect_node (mongoc_cluster_t *cluster,
                                uint32_t server_id,
                                bool invalidate,
                                const bson_error_t *why /* IN */)
{
   mongoc_topology_t *topology = cluster->client->topology;

   ENTRY;

   if (topology->single_threaded) {
      mongoc_topology_scanner_node_t *scanner_node;

      scanner_node =
         mongoc_topology_scanner_get_node (topology->scanner, server_id);

      /* might never actually have connected */
      if (scanner_node && scanner_node->stream) {
         mongoc_topology_scanner_node_disconnect (scanner_node, true);
      }
   } else {
      mongoc_set_rm (cluster->nodes, server_id);
   }

   if (invalidate) {
      mongoc_topology_invalidate_server (topology, server_id, why);
   }

   EXIT;
}

static void
_mongoc_cluster_node_destroy (mongoc_cluster_node_t *node)
{
   /* Failure, or Replica Set reconfigure without this node */
   mongoc_stream_failed (node->stream);
   bson_free (node->connection_address);

   bson_free (node);
}

static void
_mongoc_cluster_node_dtor (void *data_, void *ctx_)
{
   mongoc_cluster_node_t *node = (mongoc_cluster_node_t *) data_;

   _mongoc_cluster_node_destroy (node);
}

static mongoc_cluster_node_t *
_mongoc_cluster_node_new (mongoc_stream_t *stream,
                          const char *connection_address)
{
   mongoc_cluster_node_t *node;

   if (!stream) {
      return NULL;
   }

   node = (mongoc_cluster_node_t *) bson_malloc0 (sizeof *node);

   node->stream = stream;
   node->connection_address = bson_strdup (connection_address);
   node->timestamp = bson_get_monotonic_time ();

   node->max_wire_version = MONGOC_DEFAULT_WIRE_VERSION;
   node->min_wire_version = MONGOC_DEFAULT_WIRE_VERSION;

   node->max_write_batch_size = MONGOC_DEFAULT_WRITE_BATCH_SIZE;
   node->max_bson_obj_size = MONGOC_DEFAULT_BSON_OBJ_SIZE;
   node->max_msg_size = MONGOC_DEFAULT_MAX_MSG_SIZE;

   return node;
}

/*
 *--------------------------------------------------------------------------
 *
 * mongoc_cluster_add_node --
 *
 *       Add a new node to this cluster for the given server description.
 *
 *       NOTE: does NOT check if this server is already in the cluster.
 *
 * Returns:
 *       A stream connected to the server, or NULL on failure.
 *
 * Side effects:
 *       Adds a cluster node, or sets error on failure.
 *
 *--------------------------------------------------------------------------
 */
static mongoc_stream_t *
_mongoc_cluster_add_node (mongoc_cluster_t *cluster,
                          uint32_t server_id,
                          bson_error_t *error /* OUT */)
{
   mongoc_host_list_t *host = NULL;
   mongoc_cluster_node_t *cluster_node = NULL;
   mongoc_stream_t *stream;
   mongoc_server_description_t *sd;
   mongoc_handshake_sasl_supported_mechs_t sasl_supported_mechs;

   ENTRY;

   BSON_ASSERT (cluster);
   BSON_ASSERT (!cluster->client->topology->single_threaded);

   host =
      _mongoc_topology_host_by_id (cluster->client->topology, server_id, error);

   if (!host) {
      GOTO (error);
   }

   TRACE ("Adding new server to cluster: %s", host->host_and_port);

   stream = _mongoc_client_create_stream (cluster->client, host, error);

   if (!stream) {
      MONGOC_WARNING (
         "Failed connection to %s (%s)", host->host_and_port, error->message);
      GOTO (error);
   }

   /* take critical fields from a fresh ismaster */
   cluster_node = _mongoc_cluster_node_new (stream, host->host_and_port);

   sd = _mongoc_cluster_run_ismaster (cluster, cluster_node, server_id, error);
   if (!sd) {
      GOTO (error);
   }

   _mongoc_handshake_parse_sasl_supported_mechs (&sd->last_is_master,
                                                 &sasl_supported_mechs);

   if (cluster->requires_auth) {
      if (!_mongoc_cluster_auth_node (
             cluster, cluster_node->stream, sd, &sasl_supported_mechs, error)) {
         MONGOC_WARNING ("Failed authentication to %s (%s)",
                         host->host_and_port,
                         error->message);
         mongoc_server_description_destroy (sd);
         GOTO (error);
      }
   }
   mongoc_server_description_destroy (sd);

   mongoc_set_add (cluster->nodes, server_id, cluster_node);
   _mongoc_host_list_destroy_all (host);

   RETURN (stream);

error:
   _mongoc_host_list_destroy_all (host); /* null ok */

   if (cluster_node) {
      _mongoc_cluster_node_destroy (cluster_node); /* also destroys stream */
   }

   RETURN (NULL);
}

static void
node_not_found (mongoc_topology_t *topology,
                uint32_t server_id,
                bson_error_t *error /* OUT */)
{
   mongoc_server_description_t *sd;

   if (!error) {
      return;
   }

   sd = mongoc_topology_server_by_id (topology, server_id, error);

   if (!sd) {
      return;
   }

   if (sd->error.code) {
      memcpy (error, &sd->error, sizeof *error);
   } else {
      bson_set_error (error,
                      MONGOC_ERROR_STREAM,
                      MONGOC_ERROR_STREAM_NOT_ESTABLISHED,
                      "Could not find node %s",
                      sd->host.host_and_port);
   }

   mongoc_server_description_destroy (sd);
}


static void
stream_not_found (mongoc_topology_t *topology,
                  uint32_t server_id,
                  const char *connection_address,
                  bson_error_t *error /* OUT */)
{
   mongoc_server_description_t *sd;

   sd = mongoc_topology_server_by_id (topology, server_id, error);

   if (error) {
      if (sd && sd->error.code) {
         memcpy (error, &sd->error, sizeof *error);
      } else {
         bson_set_error (error,
                         MONGOC_ERROR_STREAM,
                         MONGOC_ERROR_STREAM_NOT_ESTABLISHED,
                         "Could not find stream for node %s",
                         connection_address);
      }
   }

   if (sd) {
      mongoc_server_description_destroy (sd);
   }
}

mongoc_server_stream_t *
_mongoc_cluster_stream_for_server (mongoc_cluster_t *cluster,
                                   uint32_t server_id,
                                   bool reconnect_ok,
                                   const mongoc_client_session_t *cs,
                                   bson_t *reply,
                                   bson_error_t *error /* OUT */)
{
   mongoc_topology_t *topology;
   mongoc_server_stream_t *server_stream;
   bson_error_t err_local;
   /* if fetch_stream fails we need a place to receive error details and pass
    * them to mongoc_topology_invalidate_server. */
   bson_error_t *err_ptr = error ? error : &err_local;

   ENTRY;

   topology = cluster->client->topology;

   /* in the single-threaded use case we share topology's streams */
   if (topology->single_threaded) {
      server_stream = mongoc_cluster_fetch_stream_single (
         cluster, server_id, reconnect_ok, err_ptr);
   } else {
      server_stream = mongoc_cluster_fetch_stream_pooled (
         cluster, server_id, reconnect_ok, err_ptr);
   }

   if (!server_stream) {
      /* Server Discovery And Monitoring Spec: "When an application operation
       * fails because of any network error besides a socket timeout, the
       * client MUST replace the server's description with a default
       * ServerDescription of type Unknown, and fill the ServerDescription's
       * error field with useful information."
       *
       * error was filled by fetch_stream_single/pooled, pass it to disconnect()
       */
      mongoc_cluster_disconnect_node (cluster, server_id, true, err_ptr);
      _mongoc_bson_init_with_transient_txn_error (cs, reply);
   }

   RETURN (server_stream);
}


/*
 *--------------------------------------------------------------------------
 *
 * mongoc_cluster_stream_for_server --
 *
 *       Fetch the stream for @server_id. If @reconnect_ok and there is no
 *       valid stream, attempts to reconnect; if not @reconnect_ok then only
 *       an existing stream can be returned, or NULL.
 *
 * Returns:
 *       A mongoc_server_stream_t, or NULL
 *
 * Side effects:
 *       May add a node or reconnect one, if @reconnect_ok.
 *       Authenticates the stream if needed.
 *       Sets @error and initializes @reply on error.
 *
 *--------------------------------------------------------------------------
 */

mongoc_server_stream_t *
mongoc_cluster_stream_for_server (mongoc_cluster_t *cluster,
                                  uint32_t server_id,
                                  bool reconnect_ok,
                                  const mongoc_client_session_t *cs,
                                  bson_t *reply,
                                  bson_error_t *error)
{
   mongoc_server_stream_t *server_stream = NULL;
   bson_error_t err_local = {0};

   ENTRY;

   BSON_ASSERT (cluster);
   BSON_ASSERT (server_id);

   if (!error) {
      error = &err_local;
   }

   server_stream = _mongoc_cluster_stream_for_server (
      cluster, server_id, reconnect_ok, cs, reply, error);

   if (!server_stream) {
      /* failed */
      mongoc_cluster_disconnect_node (cluster, server_id, true, error);
   }

   RETURN (server_stream);
}


static mongoc_server_stream_t *
mongoc_cluster_fetch_stream_single (mongoc_cluster_t *cluster,
                                    uint32_t server_id,
                                    bool reconnect_ok,
                                    bson_error_t *error /* OUT */)
{
   mongoc_topology_t *topology;
   mongoc_server_description_t *sd;
   mongoc_topology_scanner_node_t *scanner_node;
   char *address;

   topology = cluster->client->topology;
   scanner_node =
      mongoc_topology_scanner_get_node (topology->scanner, server_id);
   BSON_ASSERT (scanner_node && !scanner_node->retired);

   if (scanner_node->stream) {
      sd = mongoc_topology_server_by_id (topology, server_id, error);

      if (!sd) {
         return NULL;
      }
   } else {
      if (!reconnect_ok) {
         stream_not_found (
            topology, server_id, scanner_node->host.host_and_port, error);
         return NULL;
      }

      /* save the scanner node address in case it is removed during the scan. */
      address = bson_strdup (scanner_node->host.host_and_port);
      _mongoc_topology_do_blocking_scan (topology, error);
      if (error->code) {
         bson_free (address);
         return NULL;
      }

      scanner_node =
         mongoc_topology_scanner_get_node (topology->scanner, server_id);

      if (!scanner_node || !scanner_node->stream) {
         stream_not_found (topology, server_id, address, error);
         bson_free (address);
         return NULL;
      }
      bson_free (address);

      sd = mongoc_topology_server_by_id (topology, server_id, error);
      if (!sd) {
         return NULL;
      }
   }

   if (sd->type == MONGOC_SERVER_UNKNOWN) {
      memcpy (error, &sd->error, sizeof *error);
      mongoc_server_description_destroy (sd);
      return NULL;
   }

   /* stream open but not auth'ed: first use since connect or reconnect */
   if (cluster->requires_auth && !scanner_node->has_auth) {
      if (!_mongoc_cluster_auth_node (cluster,
                                      scanner_node->stream,
                                      sd,
                                      &scanner_node->sasl_supported_mechs,
                                      &sd->error)) {
         memcpy (error, &sd->error, sizeof *error);
         mongoc_server_description_destroy (sd);
         return NULL;
      }

      scanner_node->has_auth = true;
   }

   return mongoc_server_stream_new (
      &topology->description, sd, scanner_node->stream);
}


mongoc_server_stream_t *
_mongoc_cluster_create_server_stream (mongoc_topology_t *topology,
                                      uint32_t server_id,
                                      mongoc_stream_t *stream,
                                      bson_error_t *error /* OUT */)
{
   mongoc_server_description_t *sd;
   mongoc_server_stream_t *server_stream = NULL;

   /* can't just use mongoc_topology_server_by_id(), since we must hold the
    * lock while copying topology->description.logical_time below */
   bson_mutex_lock (&topology->mutex);

   sd = mongoc_server_description_new_copy (
      mongoc_topology_description_server_by_id (
         &topology->description, server_id, error));

   if (sd) {
      server_stream =
         mongoc_server_stream_new (&topology->description, sd, stream);
   }

   bson_mutex_unlock (&topology->mutex);

   return server_stream;
}


static mongoc_server_stream_t *
mongoc_cluster_fetch_stream_pooled (mongoc_cluster_t *cluster,
                                    uint32_t server_id,
                                    bool reconnect_ok,
                                    bson_error_t *error /* OUT */)
{
   mongoc_topology_t *topology;
   mongoc_stream_t *stream;
   mongoc_cluster_node_t *cluster_node;
   int64_t timestamp;

   cluster_node =
      (mongoc_cluster_node_t *) mongoc_set_get (cluster->nodes, server_id);

   topology = cluster->client->topology;

   if (cluster_node) {
      BSON_ASSERT (cluster_node->stream);

      timestamp = mongoc_topology_server_timestamp (topology, server_id);
      if (timestamp == -1 || cluster_node->timestamp < timestamp) {
         /* topology change or net error during background scan made us remove
          * or replace server description since node's birth. destroy node. */
         mongoc_cluster_disconnect_node (
            cluster, server_id, false /* invalidate */, NULL);
      } else {
         return _mongoc_cluster_create_server_stream (
            topology, server_id, cluster_node->stream, error);
      }
   }

   /* no node, or out of date */
   if (!reconnect_ok) {
      node_not_found (topology, server_id, error);
      return NULL;
   }

   stream = _mongoc_cluster_add_node (cluster, server_id, error);
   if (stream) {
      return _mongoc_cluster_create_server_stream (
         topology, server_id, stream, error);
   } else {
      return NULL;
   }
}

/*
 *--------------------------------------------------------------------------
 *
 * mongoc_cluster_init --
 *
 *       Initializes @cluster using the @uri and @client provided. The
 *       @uri is used to determine the "mode" of the cluster. Based on the
 *       uri we can determine if we are connected to a single host, a
 *       replicaSet, or a shardedCluster.
 *
 * Returns:
 *       None.
 *
 * Side effects:
 *       @cluster is initialized.
 *
 *--------------------------------------------------------------------------
 */

void
mongoc_cluster_init (mongoc_cluster_t *cluster,
                     const mongoc_uri_t *uri,
                     void *client)
{
   ENTRY;

   BSON_ASSERT (cluster);
   BSON_ASSERT (uri);

   memset (cluster, 0, sizeof *cluster);

   cluster->uri = mongoc_uri_copy (uri);
   cluster->client = (mongoc_client_t *) client;
   cluster->requires_auth =
      (mongoc_uri_get_username (uri) || mongoc_uri_get_auth_mechanism (uri));

   cluster->sockettimeoutms = mongoc_uri_get_option_as_int32 (
      uri, MONGOC_URI_SOCKETTIMEOUTMS, MONGOC_DEFAULT_SOCKETTIMEOUTMS);

   cluster->socketcheckintervalms =
      mongoc_uri_get_option_as_int32 (uri,
                                      MONGOC_URI_SOCKETCHECKINTERVALMS,
                                      MONGOC_TOPOLOGY_SOCKET_CHECK_INTERVAL_MS);

   /* TODO for single-threaded case we don't need this */
   cluster->nodes = mongoc_set_new (8, _mongoc_cluster_node_dtor, NULL);

   _mongoc_array_init (&cluster->iov, sizeof (mongoc_iovec_t));

   cluster->operation_id = rand ();

   EXIT;
}

/*
 *--------------------------------------------------------------------------
 *
 * mongoc_cluster_destroy --
 *
 *       Clean up after @cluster and destroy all active connections.
 *       All resources for @cluster are released.
 *
 * Returns:
 *       None.
 *
 * Side effects:
 *       Everything.
 *
 *--------------------------------------------------------------------------
 */

void
mongoc_cluster_destroy (mongoc_cluster_t *cluster) /* INOUT */
{
   ENTRY;

   BSON_ASSERT (cluster);

   mongoc_uri_destroy (cluster->uri);

   mongoc_set_destroy (cluster->nodes);

   _mongoc_array_destroy (&cluster->iov);

#ifdef MONGOC_ENABLE_CRYPTO
   if (cluster->scram_cache) {
      _mongoc_scram_cache_destroy (cluster->scram_cache);
   }
#endif

   EXIT;
}


/*
 *--------------------------------------------------------------------------
 *
 * mongoc_cluster_stream_for_optype --
 *
 *       Internal server selection.
 *
 * Returns:
 *       A mongoc_server_stream_t on which you must call
 *       mongoc_server_stream_cleanup, or NULL on failure (sets @error)
 *
 * Side effects:
 *       May add or disconnect nodes in @cluster->nodes.
 *       Sets @error and initializes @reply on error.
 *
 *--------------------------------------------------------------------------
 */

static mongoc_server_stream_t *
_mongoc_cluster_stream_for_optype (mongoc_cluster_t *cluster,
                                   mongoc_ss_optype_t optype,
                                   const mongoc_read_prefs_t *read_prefs,
                                   const mongoc_client_session_t *cs,
                                   bson_t *reply,
                                   bson_error_t *error)
{
   mongoc_server_stream_t *server_stream;
   uint32_t server_id;
   mongoc_topology_t *topology = cluster->client->topology;

   ENTRY;

   BSON_ASSERT (cluster);

   server_id =
      mongoc_topology_select_server_id (topology, optype, read_prefs, error);

   if (!server_id) {
      _mongoc_bson_init_with_transient_txn_error (cs, reply);
      RETURN (NULL);
   }

   if (!mongoc_cluster_check_interval (cluster, server_id)) {
      /* Server Selection Spec: try once more */
      server_id =
         mongoc_topology_select_server_id (topology, optype, read_prefs, error);

      if (!server_id) {
         _mongoc_bson_init_with_transient_txn_error (cs, reply);
         RETURN (NULL);
      }
   }

   /* connect or reconnect to server if necessary */
   server_stream = _mongoc_cluster_stream_for_server (
      cluster, server_id, true /* reconnect_ok */, cs, reply, error);

   RETURN (server_stream);
}


/*
 *--------------------------------------------------------------------------
 *
 * mongoc_cluster_stream_for_reads --
 *
 *       Internal server selection.
 *
 * Returns:
 *       A mongoc_server_stream_t on which you must call
 *       mongoc_server_stream_cleanup, or NULL on failure (sets @error)
 *
 * Side effects:
 *       Sets @error and initializes @reply on error.
 *       May add new nodes to @cluster->nodes.
 *
 *--------------------------------------------------------------------------
 */

mongoc_server_stream_t *
mongoc_cluster_stream_for_reads (mongoc_cluster_t *cluster,
                                 const mongoc_read_prefs_t *read_prefs,
                                 const mongoc_client_session_t *cs,
                                 bson_t *reply,
                                 bson_error_t *error)
{
   const mongoc_read_prefs_t *prefs_override = read_prefs;

   if (_mongoc_client_session_in_txn (cs)) {
      prefs_override = cs->txn.opts.read_prefs;
   }

   return _mongoc_cluster_stream_for_optype (
      cluster, MONGOC_SS_READ, prefs_override, cs, reply, error);
}

/*
 *--------------------------------------------------------------------------
 *
 * mongoc_cluster_stream_for_writes --
 *
 *       Get a stream for write operations.
 *
 * Returns:
 *       A mongoc_server_stream_t on which you must call
 *       mongoc_server_stream_cleanup, or NULL on failure (sets @error)
 *
 * Side effects:
 *       Sets @error and initializes @reply on error.
 *       May add new nodes to @cluster->nodes.
 *
 *--------------------------------------------------------------------------
 */

mongoc_server_stream_t *
mongoc_cluster_stream_for_writes (mongoc_cluster_t *cluster,
                                  const mongoc_client_session_t *cs,
                                  bson_t *reply,
                                  bson_error_t *error)
{
   return _mongoc_cluster_stream_for_optype (
      cluster, MONGOC_SS_WRITE, NULL, cs, reply, error);
}

static bool
_mongoc_cluster_min_of_max_obj_size_sds (void *item, void *ctx)
{
   mongoc_server_description_t *sd = (mongoc_server_description_t *) item;
   int32_t *current_min = (int32_t *) ctx;

   if (sd->max_bson_obj_size < *current_min) {
      *current_min = sd->max_bson_obj_size;
   }
   return true;
}

static bool
_mongoc_cluster_min_of_max_obj_size_nodes (void *item, void *ctx)
{
   mongoc_cluster_node_t *node = (mongoc_cluster_node_t *) item;
   int32_t *current_min = (int32_t *) ctx;

   if (node->max_bson_obj_size < *current_min) {
      *current_min = node->max_bson_obj_size;
   }
   return true;
}

static bool
_mongoc_cluster_min_of_max_msg_size_sds (void *item, void *ctx)
{
   mongoc_server_description_t *sd = (mongoc_server_description_t *) item;
   int32_t *current_min = (int32_t *) ctx;

   if (sd->max_msg_size < *current_min) {
      *current_min = sd->max_msg_size;
   }
   return true;
}

static bool
_mongoc_cluster_min_of_max_msg_size_nodes (void *item, void *ctx)
{
   mongoc_cluster_node_t *node = (mongoc_cluster_node_t *) item;
   int32_t *current_min = (int32_t *) ctx;

   if (node->max_msg_size < *current_min) {
      *current_min = node->max_msg_size;
   }
   return true;
}

/*
 *--------------------------------------------------------------------------
 *
 * mongoc_cluster_get_max_bson_obj_size --
 *
 *      Return the minimum max_bson_obj_size across all servers in cluster.
 *
 *      NOTE: this method uses the topology's mutex.
 *
 * Returns:
 *      The minimum max_bson_obj_size.
 *
 * Side effects:
 *      None
 *
 *--------------------------------------------------------------------------
 */
int32_t
mongoc_cluster_get_max_bson_obj_size (mongoc_cluster_t *cluster)
{
   int32_t max_bson_obj_size = -1;

   max_bson_obj_size = MONGOC_DEFAULT_BSON_OBJ_SIZE;

   if (!cluster->client->topology->single_threaded) {
      mongoc_set_for_each (cluster->nodes,
                           _mongoc_cluster_min_of_max_obj_size_nodes,
                           &max_bson_obj_size);
   } else {
      mongoc_set_for_each (cluster->client->topology->description.servers,
                           _mongoc_cluster_min_of_max_obj_size_sds,
                           &max_bson_obj_size);
   }

   return max_bson_obj_size;
}


/*
 *--------------------------------------------------------------------------
 *
 * mongoc_cluster_get_max_msg_size --
 *
 *      Return the minimum max msg size across all servers in cluster.
 *
 *      NOTE: this method uses the topology's mutex.
 *
 * Returns:
 *      The minimum max_msg_size
 *
 * Side effects:
 *      None
 *
 *--------------------------------------------------------------------------
 */
int32_t
mongoc_cluster_get_max_msg_size (mongoc_cluster_t *cluster)
{
   int32_t max_msg_size = MONGOC_DEFAULT_MAX_MSG_SIZE;

   if (!cluster->client->topology->single_threaded) {
      mongoc_set_for_each (cluster->nodes,
                           _mongoc_cluster_min_of_max_msg_size_nodes,
                           &max_msg_size);
   } else {
      mongoc_set_for_each (cluster->client->topology->description.servers,
                           _mongoc_cluster_min_of_max_msg_size_sds,
                           &max_msg_size);
   }

   return max_msg_size;
}


/*
 *--------------------------------------------------------------------------
 *
 * mongoc_cluster_check_interval --
 *
 *      Server Selection Spec:
 *
 *      Only for single-threaded drivers.
 *
 *      If a server is selected that has an existing connection that has been
 *      idle for socketCheckIntervalMS, the driver MUST check the connection
 *      with the "ping" command. If the ping succeeds, use the selected
 *      connection. If not, set the server's type to Unknown and update the
 *      Topology Description according to the Server Discovery and Monitoring
 *      Spec, and attempt once more to select a server.
 *
 * Returns:
 *      True if the check succeeded or no check was required, false if the
 *      check failed.
 *
 * Side effects:
 *      If a check fails, closes stream and may set server type Unknown.
 *
 *--------------------------------------------------------------------------
 */

bool
mongoc_cluster_check_interval (mongoc_cluster_t *cluster, uint32_t server_id)
{
   mongoc_cmd_parts_t parts;
   mongoc_topology_t *topology;
   mongoc_topology_scanner_node_t *scanner_node;
   mongoc_stream_t *stream;
   int64_t now;
   bson_t command;
   bson_error_t error;
   bool r = true;
   mongoc_server_stream_t *server_stream;

   topology = cluster->client->topology;

   if (!topology->single_threaded) {
      return true;
   }

   scanner_node =
      mongoc_topology_scanner_get_node (topology->scanner, server_id);

   if (!scanner_node) {
      return false;
   }

   BSON_ASSERT (!scanner_node->retired);

   stream = scanner_node->stream;

   if (!stream) {
      return false;
   }

   now = bson_get_monotonic_time ();

   if (scanner_node->last_used + (1000 * CHECK_CLOSED_DURATION_MSEC) < now) {
      if (mongoc_stream_check_closed (stream)) {
         bson_set_error (&error,
                         MONGOC_ERROR_STREAM,
                         MONGOC_ERROR_STREAM_SOCKET,
                         "connection closed");
         mongoc_cluster_disconnect_node (cluster, server_id, true, &error);
         return false;
      }
   }

   if (scanner_node->last_used + (1000 * cluster->socketcheckintervalms) <
       now) {
      bson_init (&command);
      BSON_APPEND_INT32 (&command, "ping", 1);
      mongoc_cmd_parts_init (
         &parts, cluster->client, "admin", MONGOC_QUERY_SLAVE_OK, &command);
      parts.prohibit_lsid = true;
      server_stream = _mongoc_cluster_create_server_stream (
         cluster->client->topology, server_id, stream, &error);
      r = mongoc_cluster_run_command_parts (
         cluster, server_stream, &parts, NULL, &error);

      mongoc_server_stream_cleanup (server_stream);
      bson_destroy (&command);

      if (!r) {
         mongoc_cluster_disconnect_node (cluster, server_id, true, &error);
      }
   }

   return r;
}


/*
 *--------------------------------------------------------------------------
 *
 * mongoc_cluster_legacy_rpc_sendv_to_server --
 *
 *       Sends the given RPCs to the given server. Used for OP_QUERY cursors,
 *       OP_KILLCURSORS, and legacy writes with OP_INSERT, OP_UPDATE, and
 *       OP_DELETE. This function is *not* in the OP_QUERY command path.
 *
 * Returns:
 *       True if successful.
 *
 * Side effects:
 *       @rpc may be mutated and should be considered invalid after calling
 *       this method.
 *
 *       @error may be set.
 *
 *--------------------------------------------------------------------------
 */

bool
mongoc_cluster_legacy_rpc_sendv_to_server (
   mongoc_cluster_t *cluster,
   mongoc_rpc_t *rpc,
   mongoc_server_stream_t *server_stream,
   bson_error_t *error)
{
   uint32_t server_id;
   int32_t max_msg_size;
   bool ret = false;
   int32_t compressor_id = 0;
   char *output = NULL;

   ENTRY;

   BSON_ASSERT (cluster);
   BSON_ASSERT (rpc);
   BSON_ASSERT (server_stream);

   server_id = server_stream->sd->id;

   if (cluster->client->in_exhaust) {
      bson_set_error (error,
                      MONGOC_ERROR_CLIENT,
                      MONGOC_ERROR_CLIENT_IN_EXHAUST,
                      "A cursor derived from this client is in exhaust.");
      GOTO (done);
   }

   _mongoc_array_clear (&cluster->iov);
   compressor_id = mongoc_server_description_compressor_id (server_stream->sd);

   _mongoc_rpc_gather (rpc, &cluster->iov);
   _mongoc_rpc_swab_to_le (rpc);

   if (compressor_id != -1) {
      output = _mongoc_rpc_compress (cluster, compressor_id, rpc, error);
      if (output == NULL) {
         GOTO (done);
      }
   }

   max_msg_size = mongoc_server_stream_max_msg_size (server_stream);

   if (BSON_UINT32_FROM_LE (rpc->header.msg_len) > max_msg_size) {
      bson_set_error (error,
                      MONGOC_ERROR_CLIENT,
                      MONGOC_ERROR_CLIENT_TOO_BIG,
                      "Attempted to send an RPC larger than the "
                      "max allowed message size. Was %u, allowed %u.",
                      BSON_UINT32_FROM_LE (rpc->header.msg_len),
                      max_msg_size);
      GOTO (done);
   }

   if (!_mongoc_stream_writev_full (server_stream->stream,
                                    cluster->iov.data,
                                    cluster->iov.len,
                                    cluster->sockettimeoutms,
                                    error)) {
      GOTO (done);
   }

   _mongoc_topology_update_last_used (cluster->client->topology, server_id);

   ret = true;

done:

   if (compressor_id) {
      bson_free (output);
   }

   RETURN (ret);
}


/*
 *--------------------------------------------------------------------------
 *
 * mongoc_cluster_try_recv --
 *
 *       Tries to receive the next event from the MongoDB server.
 *       The contents are loaded into @buffer and then
 *       scattered into the @rpc structure. @rpc is valid as long as
 *       @buffer contains the contents read into it.
 *
 *       Callers that can optimize a reuse of @buffer should do so. It
 *       can save many memory allocations.
 *
 * Returns:
 *       True if successful.
 *
 * Side effects:
 *       @rpc is set on success, @error on failure.
 *       @buffer will be filled with the input data.
 *
 *--------------------------------------------------------------------------
 */

bool
mongoc_cluster_try_recv (mongoc_cluster_t *cluster,
                         mongoc_rpc_t *rpc,
                         mongoc_buffer_t *buffer,
                         mongoc_server_stream_t *server_stream,
                         bson_error_t *error)
{
   uint32_t server_id;
   bson_error_t err_local;
   int32_t msg_len;
   int32_t max_msg_size;
   off_t pos;

   ENTRY;

   BSON_ASSERT (cluster);
   BSON_ASSERT (rpc);
   BSON_ASSERT (buffer);
   BSON_ASSERT (server_stream);

   server_id = server_stream->sd->id;

   TRACE ("Waiting for reply from server_id \"%u\"", server_id);

   if (!error) {
      error = &err_local;
   }

   /*
    * Buffer the message length to determine how much more to read.
    */
   pos = buffer->len;
   if (!_mongoc_buffer_append_from_stream (
          buffer, server_stream->stream, 4, cluster->sockettimeoutms, error)) {
      MONGOC_DEBUG (
         "Could not read 4 bytes, stream probably closed or timed out");
      mongoc_counter_protocol_ingress_error_inc ();
      mongoc_cluster_disconnect_node (
         cluster,
         server_id,
         !mongoc_stream_timed_out (server_stream->stream),
         error);
      RETURN (false);
   }

   /*
    * Read the msg length from the buffer.
    */
   memcpy (&msg_len, &buffer->data[pos], 4);
   msg_len = BSON_UINT32_FROM_LE (msg_len);
   max_msg_size = mongoc_server_stream_max_msg_size (server_stream);
   if ((msg_len < 16) || (msg_len > max_msg_size)) {
      bson_set_error (error,
                      MONGOC_ERROR_PROTOCOL,
                      MONGOC_ERROR_PROTOCOL_INVALID_REPLY,
                      "Corrupt or malicious reply received.");
      mongoc_cluster_disconnect_node (cluster, server_id, true, error);
      mongoc_counter_protocol_ingress_error_inc ();
      RETURN (false);
   }

   /*
    * Read the rest of the message from the stream.
    */
   if (!_mongoc_buffer_append_from_stream (buffer,
                                           server_stream->stream,
                                           msg_len - 4,
                                           cluster->sockettimeoutms,
                                           error)) {
      mongoc_cluster_disconnect_node (
         cluster,
         server_id,
         !mongoc_stream_timed_out (server_stream->stream),
         error);
      mongoc_counter_protocol_ingress_error_inc ();
      RETURN (false);
   }

   /*
    * Scatter the buffer into the rpc structure.
    */
   if (!_mongoc_rpc_scatter (rpc, &buffer->data[pos], msg_len)) {
      bson_set_error (error,
                      MONGOC_ERROR_PROTOCOL,
                      MONGOC_ERROR_PROTOCOL_INVALID_REPLY,
                      "Failed to decode reply from server.");
      mongoc_cluster_disconnect_node (cluster, server_id, true, error);
      mongoc_counter_protocol_ingress_error_inc ();
      RETURN (false);
   }

   if (BSON_UINT32_FROM_LE (rpc->header.opcode) == MONGOC_OPCODE_COMPRESSED) {
      uint8_t *buf = NULL;
      size_t len = BSON_UINT32_FROM_LE (rpc->compressed.uncompressed_size) +
                   sizeof (mongoc_rpc_header_t);

      buf = bson_malloc0 (len);
      if (!_mongoc_rpc_decompress (rpc, buf, len)) {
         bson_free (buf);
         bson_set_error (error,
                         MONGOC_ERROR_PROTOCOL,
                         MONGOC_ERROR_PROTOCOL_INVALID_REPLY,
                         "Could not decompress server reply");
         RETURN (false);
      }

      _mongoc_buffer_destroy (buffer);
      _mongoc_buffer_init (buffer, buf, len, NULL, NULL);
   }
   _mongoc_rpc_swab_from_le (rpc);

   RETURN (true);
}


static void
network_error_reply (bson_t *reply, mongoc_cmd_t *cmd)
{
   bson_t labels;

   if (!reply) {
      return;
   }

   bson_init (reply);

   /* Transactions Spec defines TransientTransactionError: "Any
    * network error or server selection error encountered running any
    * command besides commitTransaction in a transaction. In the case
    * of command errors, the server adds the label; in the case of
    * network errors or server selection errors where the client
    * receives no server reply, the client adds the label." */
   if (_mongoc_client_session_in_txn (cmd->session) && !cmd->is_txn_finish) {
      BSON_APPEND_ARRAY_BEGIN (reply, "errorLabels", &labels);
      BSON_APPEND_UTF8 (&labels, "0", TRANSIENT_TXN_ERR);
      bson_append_array_end (reply, &labels);
   }
}


static bool
mongoc_cluster_run_opmsg (mongoc_cluster_t *cluster,
                          mongoc_cmd_t *cmd,
                          bson_t *reply,
                          bson_error_t *error)
{
   mongoc_rpc_section_t section[2];
   mongoc_buffer_t buffer;
   bson_t reply_local; /* only statically initialized */
   char *output = NULL;
   mongoc_rpc_t rpc;
   int32_t msg_len;
   bool ok;
   const mongoc_server_stream_t *server_stream;

   server_stream = cmd->server_stream;
   if (!cmd->command_name) {
      bson_set_error (error,
                      MONGOC_ERROR_COMMAND,
                      MONGOC_ERROR_COMMAND_INVALID_ARG,
                      "Empty command document");
      _mongoc_bson_init_if_set (reply);
      return false;
   }
   if (cluster->client->in_exhaust) {
      bson_set_error (error,
                      MONGOC_ERROR_CLIENT,
                      MONGOC_ERROR_CLIENT_IN_EXHAUST,
                      "A cursor derived from this client is in exhaust.");
      _mongoc_bson_init_if_set (reply);
      return false;
   }

   _mongoc_array_clear (&cluster->iov);
   _mongoc_buffer_init (&buffer, NULL, 0, NULL, NULL);

   rpc.header.msg_len = 0;
   rpc.header.request_id = ++cluster->request_id;
   rpc.header.response_to = 0;
   rpc.header.opcode = MONGOC_OPCODE_MSG;

   if (cmd->is_acknowledged) {
      rpc.msg.flags = 0;
   } else {
      rpc.msg.flags = MONGOC_MSG_MORE_TO_COME;
   }

   rpc.msg.n_sections = 1;

   section[0].payload_type = 0;
   section[0].payload.bson_document = bson_get_data (cmd->command);
   rpc.msg.sections[0] = section[0];

   if (cmd->payload) {
      section[1].payload_type = 1;
      section[1].payload.sequence.size = cmd->payload_size +
                                         strlen (cmd->payload_identifier) + 1 +
                                         sizeof (int32_t);
      section[1].payload.sequence.identifier = cmd->payload_identifier;
      section[1].payload.sequence.bson_documents = cmd->payload;
      rpc.msg.sections[1] = section[1];
      rpc.msg.n_sections++;
   }

   _mongoc_rpc_gather (&rpc, &cluster->iov);
   _mongoc_rpc_swab_to_le (&rpc);

   if (mongoc_cmd_is_compressible (cmd)) {
      int32_t compressor_id =
         mongoc_server_description_compressor_id (server_stream->sd);

      TRACE (
         "Function '%s' is compressible: %d", cmd->command_name, compressor_id);
      if (compressor_id != -1) {
         output = _mongoc_rpc_compress (cluster, compressor_id, &rpc, error);
         if (output == NULL) {
            _mongoc_bson_init_if_set (reply);
            _mongoc_buffer_destroy (&buffer);
            return false;
         }
      }
   }
   ok = _mongoc_stream_writev_full (server_stream->stream,
                                    (mongoc_iovec_t *) cluster->iov.data,
                                    cluster->iov.len,
                                    cluster->sockettimeoutms,
                                    error);
   if (!ok) {
      /* add info about the command to writev_full's error message */
      RUN_CMD_ERR_DECORATE;
      mongoc_cluster_disconnect_node (
         cluster, server_stream->sd->id, true, error);
      bson_free (output);
      network_error_reply (reply, cmd);
      _mongoc_buffer_destroy (&buffer);
      return false;
   }

   /* If acknowledged, wait for a server response. Otherwise, exit early */
   if (cmd->is_acknowledged) {
      ok = _mongoc_buffer_append_from_stream (
         &buffer, server_stream->stream, 4, cluster->sockettimeoutms, error);
      if (!ok) {
         RUN_CMD_ERR_DECORATE;
         mongoc_cluster_disconnect_node (
            cluster, server_stream->sd->id, true, error);
         bson_free (output);
         network_error_reply (reply, cmd);
         _mongoc_buffer_destroy (&buffer);
         return false;
      }

      BSON_ASSERT (buffer.len == 4);
      memcpy (&msg_len, buffer.data, 4);
      msg_len = BSON_UINT32_FROM_LE (msg_len);
      if ((msg_len < 16) || (msg_len > server_stream->sd->max_msg_size)) {
         RUN_CMD_ERR (
            MONGOC_ERROR_PROTOCOL,
            MONGOC_ERROR_PROTOCOL_INVALID_REPLY,
            "Message size %d is not within expected range 16-%d bytes",
            msg_len,
            server_stream->sd->max_msg_size);
         mongoc_cluster_disconnect_node (
            cluster, server_stream->sd->id, true, error);
         bson_free (output);
         network_error_reply (reply, cmd);
         _mongoc_buffer_destroy (&buffer);
         return false;
      }

      ok = _mongoc_buffer_append_from_stream (&buffer,
                                              server_stream->stream,
                                              (size_t) msg_len - 4,
                                              cluster->sockettimeoutms,
                                              error);
      if (!ok) {
         RUN_CMD_ERR_DECORATE;
         mongoc_cluster_disconnect_node (
            cluster, server_stream->sd->id, true, error);
         bson_free (output);
         network_error_reply (reply, cmd);
         _mongoc_buffer_destroy (&buffer);
         return false;
      }

      ok = _mongoc_rpc_scatter (&rpc, buffer.data, buffer.len);
      if (!ok) {
         RUN_CMD_ERR (MONGOC_ERROR_PROTOCOL,
                      MONGOC_ERROR_PROTOCOL_INVALID_REPLY,
                      "Malformed message from server");
         bson_free (output);
         network_error_reply (reply, cmd);
         _mongoc_buffer_destroy (&buffer);
         return false;
      }
      if (BSON_UINT32_FROM_LE (rpc.header.opcode) == MONGOC_OPCODE_COMPRESSED) {
         size_t len = BSON_UINT32_FROM_LE (rpc.compressed.uncompressed_size) +
                      sizeof (mongoc_rpc_header_t);

         output = bson_realloc (output, len);
         if (!_mongoc_rpc_decompress (&rpc, (uint8_t *) output, len)) {
            RUN_CMD_ERR (MONGOC_ERROR_PROTOCOL,
                         MONGOC_ERROR_PROTOCOL_INVALID_REPLY,
                         "Could not decompress message from server");
            mongoc_cluster_disconnect_node (
               cluster, server_stream->sd->id, true, error);
            bson_free (output);
            network_error_reply (reply, cmd);
            _mongoc_buffer_destroy (&buffer);
            return false;
         }
      }
      _mongoc_rpc_swab_from_le (&rpc);

      memcpy (&msg_len, rpc.msg.sections[0].payload.bson_document, 4);
      msg_len = BSON_UINT32_FROM_LE (msg_len);
      bson_init_static (
         &reply_local, rpc.msg.sections[0].payload.bson_document, msg_len);

      _mongoc_topology_update_cluster_time (cluster->client->topology,
                                            &reply_local);
      ok = _mongoc_cmd_check_ok (
         &reply_local, cluster->client->error_api_version, error);

      if (cmd->session) {
         _mongoc_client_session_handle_reply (
            cmd->session, cmd->is_acknowledged, &reply_local);
      }

      if (reply) {
         bson_copy_to (&reply_local, reply);
      }
   } else {
      _mongoc_bson_init_if_set (reply);
   }

   _mongoc_buffer_destroy (&buffer);
   bson_free (output);

   return ok;
}
